Article 48 Goods remaining undelivered 第48 條 貨物仍未交付 1. For the purposes of this article, goods shall be deemed to have remained undelivered only if, after their arrival at the place of destination: (a) The consignee does not acceptArticle 48 Goods remaining undelivered 第48 條 貨物仍未交付
1. For the purposes of this article, goods shall be deemed to have remained undelivered only if, after their arrival at the place of destination:
(a) The consignee does not accept delivery of the goods pursuant to this chapter at the time and location referred to in article 43;
(b) The controlling party, the holder, the shipper or the documentary shipper cannot be found or does not give the carrier adequate instructions pursuant to articles 45, 46 and 47;
(c) The carrier is entitled or required to refuse delivery pursuant to articles 44, 45, 46 and 47;
(d) The carrier is not allowed to deliver the goods to the consignee pursuant to the law or regulations of the place at which delivery is requested; or
(e) The goods are otherwise undeliverable by the carrier.
1. 在本條中，只有在下列情形下，貨物到達目的地后應當被視為仍未交付：
(a) 收貨人未根據(jù)本章的規(guī)定，在第43 條述及的時間和地點接受交貨；
(b) 控制方、持有人、托運人或者單證托運人無法被找到，或者未根據(jù)第45 條、第46 條和第47 條向承運人發(fā)出適當指示；
(c) 根據(jù)第44 條、第45 條、第46 條和第47 條，承運人有權(quán)或者必須拒絕交付貨物；
(d) 根據(jù)請求交貨地的法律條例，不允許承運人向收貨人交付貨物；或者
(e) 承運人無法交付貨物的其他情形。
2. Without prejudice to any other rights that the carrier may have against the shipper, controlling party or consignee, if the goods have remained undelivered, the carrier may, at the risk and expense of the person entitled to the goods, take such action in respect of the goods as circumstances may reasonably require, including:
(a) To store the goods at any suitable place;
(b) To unpack the goods if they are packed in containers or vehicles, or to act otherwise in respect of the goods, including by moving them; and
(c) To cause the goods to be sold or destroyed in accordance with the practices or pursuant to the law or regulations of the place where the goods are located at the time.
2. 在不影響承運人可以向托運人、控制方或者收貨人主張其他任何權(quán)利的情況下，貨物仍未交付的，由有權(quán)提取貨物的人承擔風險和費用，承運人可以根據(jù)情況的合理要求就貨物采取行動，其中包括：
(a) 將貨物存放在任何合適地方；
(b) 貨物載于集裝箱內(nèi)或者車輛內(nèi)的，打開包裝，或者就貨物采取其他行動，包括轉(zhuǎn)移貨物；并且
(c) 按照慣例，或者根據(jù)貨物當時所在地的法律條例，將貨物出售或者銷毀。
3. The carrier may exercise the rights under paragraph 2 of this article only after it has given reasonable notice of the intended action under paragraph 2 of this article to the person stated in the contract particulars as the person, if any, to be notified of the arrival of the goods at the place of destination, and to one of the following persons in the order indicated, if known to the carrier: the consignee, the controlling party or the shipper.
只有在承運人已就本條第2 款所設想的行動，向合同事項中載明的貨物到達目的地時可能存在的任何被通知人，并向承運人知道的收貨人、控制方或者托運人這三種人之一，按照所列順序發(fā)出合理通知之后，承運人方可行使本條第2 款規(guī)定的權(quán)利。
4. If the goods are sold pursuant to subparagraph 2 (c) of this article, the carrier shall hold the proceeds of the sale for the benefit of the person entitled to the goods, subject to the deduction of any costs incurred by the carrier and any other amounts that are due to the carrier in connection with the carriage of those goods.
貨物根據(jù)本條第2 款第(c) 項出售的，承運人應當為有權(quán)提取貨物的人的利益代為保管出售貨物的價款，但可從中扣除承運人承擔的任何費用和應付給承運人的與運輸這些貨物有關的其他任何款項。
5. The carrier shall not be liable for loss of or damage to goods that occurs during the time that they remain undelivered pursuant to this article unless the claimant proves that such loss or damage resulted from the failure by the carrier to take steps that would have been reasonable in the circumstances to preserve the goods and that the carrier knew or ought to have known that the loss or damage to the goods would result from its failure to take such steps.
對于在本條所規(guī)定的貨物仍未交付期間內(nèi)發(fā)生的貨物滅失或者損壞，承運人不負賠償責任，除非索賠人證明，此種滅失或者損壞是由于承運人未能在當時的情況下采取應有的合理步驟保存貨物所致，且承運人已知道或者本應知道不采取此種步驟將給貨物造成的滅失或者損壞。
Article 49 Retention of goods 第49 條 貨物留置
Nothing in this Convention affects a right of the carrier or a performing party that may exist pursuant to the contract of carriage or the applicable law to retain the goods to secure the payment of sums due.
本公約的規(guī)定概不影響承運人或者履約方可以根據(jù)運輸合同或者準據(jù)法留置貨物，為應付款的償付獲得擔保的權(quán)利。
Chapter 10 Rights of the controlling party 第10 章 控制方的權(quán)利
Article 50 Exercise and extent of right of control 第50 條 控制權(quán)的行使和范圍
1. The right of control may be exercised only by the controlling party and is limited to:
(a) The right to give or modify instructions in respect of the goods that do not constitute a variation of the contract of carriage;
(b) The right to obtain delivery of the goods at a scheduled port of call or, in respect of inland carriage, any place en route; and
(c) The right to replace the consignee by any other person including the controlling party.
1. 控制權(quán)只能由控制方行使，且僅限于：
(a) 就貨物發(fā)出指示或者修改指示的權(quán)利，此種指示不構(gòu)成對運輸合同的變更；
(b) 在計劃掛靠港，或者在內(nèi)陸運輸情況下在運輸途中的任何地點提取貨物的權(quán)利；和
(c) 由包括控制方在內(nèi)的其他任何人取代收貨人的權(quán)利。
2. The right of control exists during the entire period of responsibility of the carrier, as provided in article 12, and ceases when that period expires.
控制權(quán)存在于第12 條規(guī)定的整個承運人責任期間，該責任期間屆滿時即告終止。
Article 51 Identity of the controlling party and transfer of the right of control
第51 條 控制方的識別和控制權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)讓
1. Except in the cases referred to in paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 of this article:
(a) The shipper is the controlling party unless the shipper, when the contract of carriage is concluded, designates the consignee, the documentary shipper or another person as the controlling party;
(b) The controlling party is entitled to transfer the right of control to another person. The transfer becomes effective with respect to the carrier upon its notification of the transfer by the transferor, and the transferee becomes the controlling party; and
(c) The controlling party shall properly identify itself when it exercises the right of control.
1. 除本條第2 款、第3 款和第4 款述及的情形外：
(a) 托運人為控制方，除非托運人在訂立運輸合同時指定收貨人、單證托運人或者其他人為控制方；
(b) 控制方有權(quán)將控制權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓給其他人。此種轉(zhuǎn)讓在轉(zhuǎn)讓人向承運人發(fā)出轉(zhuǎn)讓通知時對承運人產(chǎn)生效力，受讓人于是成為控制方；并且
(c) 控制方行使控制權(quán)時，應當適當表明其身份。
2. When a non-negotiable transport document has been issued that indicates that it shall be surrendered in order to obtain delivery of the goods:
(a) The shipper is the controlling party and may transfer the right of control to the consignee named in the transport document by transferring the document to that person without endorsement. If more than one original of the document was issued, all originals shall be transferred in order to effect a transfer of the right of control; and
(b) In order to exercise its right of control, the controlling party shall produce the document and properly identify itself. If more than one original of the document was issued, all originals shall be produced, failing which the right of control cannot be exercised.
簽發(fā)不可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證，其中載明必須交單提貨的：
(a) 托運人為控制方，且可以將控制權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓給運輸單證中指定的收貨人，該運輸單證可不經(jīng)背書轉(zhuǎn)讓給該人。所簽發(fā)單證有一份以上正本的，應當轉(zhuǎn)讓所有正本單證，方可實現(xiàn)控制權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)讓； 并且
(b) 為了行使控制權(quán)，控制方應當提交單證且適當表明其身份。所簽發(fā)單證有一份以上正本的，應當提交所有正本單證，否則不能行使控制權(quán)。
3. When a negotiable transport document is issued: 簽發(fā)可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證的：
(a) The holder or, if more than one original of the negotiable transport document is issued, the holder of all originals is the controlling party;
(b) The holder may transfer the right of control by transferring the negotiable transport document to another person in accordance with article 57. If more than one original of that document was issued, all originals shall be transferred to that person in order to effect a transfer of the right of control; and
(c) In order to exercise the right of control, the holder shall produce the negotiable transport document to the carrier, and if the holder is one of the persons referred to in article 1, subparagraph 10 (a) (i), the holder shall properly identify itself. If more than one original of the document was issued, all originals shall be produced, failing which the right of control cannot be exercised.
(a) 持有人為控制方，所簽發(fā)可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證有一份以上正本的，持有人得到所有正本單證，方可成為控制方；
(b) 持有人可以根據(jù)第57 條，通過將可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證轉(zhuǎn)讓給其他人而轉(zhuǎn)讓控制權(quán)。所簽發(fā)單證有一份以上正本的，應當向該人轉(zhuǎn)讓所有正本單證，方可實現(xiàn)控制權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)讓；并且
(c) 為了行使控制權(quán)，持有人應當向承運人提交可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證，持有人是第1 條第10 款第(a) 項第(i) 目述及的其中一種人的，應當適當表明其身份。所簽發(fā)單證有一份以上正本的，應當提交所有正本單證，否則不能行使控制權(quán)。
4. When a negotiable electronic transport record is issued: 簽發(fā)可轉(zhuǎn)讓電子運輸記錄的：
(a) The holder is the controlling party;
(b) The holder may transfer the right of control to another person by transferring the negotiable electronic transport record in accordance with the procedures referred to in article 9, paragraph 1; and
(c) In order to exercise the right of control, the holder shall demonstrate, in accordance with the procedures referred to in article 9, paragraph 1, that it is the holder.
(a) 持有人為控制方；
(b) 持有人可以按照第9 條第1 款述及的程序，通過轉(zhuǎn)讓可轉(zhuǎn)讓電子運輸記錄，將控制權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓給其他人；并且
(c) 為了行使控制權(quán)，持有人應當按照第9 條第1 款述及的程序證明其為持有人。
Article 52 Carrier’s execution of instructions 第52 條 承運人執(zhí)行指示
1. Subject to paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article, the carrier shall execute the instructions referred to in article 50 if:
(a) The person giving such instructions is entitled to exercise the right of control;
(b) The instructions can reasonably be executed according to their terms at the moment that they reach the carrier; and
(c) The instructions will not interfere with the normal operations of the carrier, including its delivery practices.
. 除本條第2 款和第3 款另有規(guī)定外，在下列條件下，承運人應當執(zhí)行第50 條述及的指示：
(a) 發(fā)出此種指示的人有權(quán)行使控制權(quán)；
(b) 該指示送達承運人時即能按照其中的條件合理地執(zhí)行； 并且
(c) 該指示不會干擾承運人的正常營運，包括其交付作業(yè)。
2. In any event, the controlling party shall reimburse the carrier for any reasonable additional expense that the carrier may incur and shall indemnify the carrier against loss or damage that the carrier may suffer as a result of diligently executing any instruction pursuant to this article, including compensation that the carrier may become liable to pay for loss of or damage to other goods being carried.
在任何情況下，控制方均應當償還承運人根據(jù)本條勤勉執(zhí)行任何指示而可能承擔的合理的額外費用，且應當補償承運人可能由于此種執(zhí)行而遭受的滅失或者損壞，包括為承運人可能賠付其他所載運貨物的滅失或者損壞而作出賠償。
3. The carrier is entitled to obtain security from the controlling party for the amount of additional expense, loss or damage that the carrier reasonably expects will arise in connection with the execution of an instruction pursuant to this article. The carrier may refuse to carry out the instructions if no such security is provided.
按照承運人的合理預計，根據(jù)本條執(zhí)行指示將產(chǎn)生額外費用、滅失或者損壞的，承運人有權(quán)從控制方處獲得與之數(shù)額相當?shù)膿?。未提供此種擔保的，承運人可以拒絕執(zhí)行指示。
4. The carrier’s liability for loss of or damage to the goods or for delay in delivery resulting from its failure to comply with the instructions of the controlling party in breach of its obligation pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article shall be subject to articles 17 to 23, and the amount of the compensation payable by the carrier shall be subject to articles 59 to 61.
承運人違反本條第1 款對其規(guī)定的義務，未遵守控制方指示而造成貨物滅失、損壞或者遲延交付的，承運人所負的賠償責任應當根據(jù)第17 條至第23 條確定，承運人應付的賠償額應當根據(jù)第59 條至第61 條確定。
Article 53 Deemed delivery 第53 條 視為交貨
Goods that are delivered pursuant to an instruction in accordance with article 52, paragraph 1, are deemed to be delivered at the place of destination, and the provisions of chapter 9 relating to such delivery apply to such goods.
根據(jù)第52 條第1 款按照指示交付貨物，視為在目的地交貨， 第9 章中有關此種交貨的規(guī)定適用于此種貨物。
Article 54 Variations to the contract of carriage 第54 條 運輸合同的變更
1. The controlling party is the only person that may agree with the carrier to variations to the contract of carriage other than those referred to in article 50, subparagraphs 1 (b) and (c).
控制方是唯一可以與承運人約定對運輸合同的變更的人，但第50 條第1 款第(b) 項和第(c) 項述及的內(nèi)容除外。
2. Variations to the contract of carriage, including those referred to in article 50, subparagraphs 1 (b) and (c), shall be stated in a negotiable transport document or in a non-negotiable transport document that requires surrender, or incorporated in a negotiable electronic transport record, or, upon the request of the controlling party, shall be stated in a non-negotiable transport document or incorporated in a non-negotiable electronic transport record. If so stated or incorporated, such variations shall be signed in accordance with article 38.
對運輸合同的變更，包括第50 條第1 款第(b) 項和第(c) 項述及的內(nèi)容，應當在可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證或者必須提交的不可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證上記載或者并入可轉(zhuǎn)讓電子運輸記錄，或者在控制方提出要求時，應當在不可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證上記載或者并入不可轉(zhuǎn)讓電子運輸記錄。凡作此種記載或者并入的變更，均應當根據(jù)第38 條簽名。
Article 55 Providing additional information, instructions or documents to carrier
第55 條 向承運人提供補充信息、指示或者文件
1. The controlling party, on request of the carrier or a performing party, shall provide in a timely manner information, instructions or documents relating to the goods not yet provided by the shipper and not otherwise reasonably available to the carrier that the carrier may reasonably need to perform its obligations under the contract of carriage.
控制方應當按照承運人或者履約方的要求，及時提供承運人履行其在運輸合同下義務而可能合理需要的有關貨物的信息、指示或者文件，此種信息、指示或者文件尚未由托運人提供，且承運人無法以其他方式合理獲得。
2. If the carrier, after reasonable effort, is unable to locate the controlling party or the controlling party is unable to provide adequate information, instructions or documents to the carrier, the shipper shall provide them. If the carrier, after reasonable effort, is unable to locate the shipper, the documentary shipper shall provide such information, instructions or documents.
承運人經(jīng)合理努力無法確定控制方，或者控制方無法向承運人提供適當信息、指示或者文件的，應當由托運人提供此種信息、指示或者文件。承運人經(jīng)合理努力無法確定托運人的，應當由單證托運人提供此種信息、指示或者文件。
Article 56 Variation by agreement 第56 條 協(xié)議變更
The parties to the contract of carriage may vary the effect of articles 50, subparagraphs 1 (b) and (c), 50, paragraph 2, and 52. The parties may also restrict or exclude the transferability of the right of control referred to in article 51, subparagraph 1 (b).
運輸合同當事人可以協(xié)議變更第50 條第1 款第(b) 項和第(c) 項、第50 條第2 款和第52 條的效力。當事人還可以限制或者排除第51 條第1 款第(b) 項所述及的控制權(quán)的可轉(zhuǎn)讓性。
Chapter 11 Transfer of rights 第11 章 權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓
Article 57 When a negotiable transport document or negotiable electronic transport record is issued
第57 條 簽發(fā)可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證或者可轉(zhuǎn)讓電子運輸記錄時的權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓
1. When a negotiable transport document is issued, the holder may transfer the rights incorporated in the document by transferring it to another person:(a) Duly endorsed either to such other person or in blank, if an order document; or (b) Without endorsement, if: (i) a bearer document or a blank endorsed document; or (ii) a document made out to the order of a named person and the transfer is between the first holder and the named person.
簽發(fā)可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證的，其持有人可以通過向其他人轉(zhuǎn)讓該運輸單證而轉(zhuǎn)讓其中包含的各項權(quán)利：
(a) 是指示單證的，須正式背書給該其他人，或者須空白背書；或者
(b) 是(i) 不記名單證或者空白背書單證的，或者是(ii) 憑記名人指示開出的單證，且轉(zhuǎn)讓發(fā)生在第一持有人與該記名人之間的，無須背書。
2. When a negotiable electronic transport record is issued, its holder may transfer the rights incorporated in it, whether it be made out to order or to the order of a named person, by transferring the electronic transport record in accordance with the procedures referred to in article 9, paragraph 1.
簽發(fā)可轉(zhuǎn)讓電子運輸記錄的，不論該電子運輸記錄是憑指示開出還是憑記名人指示開出，其持有人均可以按照第9 條第1 款述及的程序，通過轉(zhuǎn)讓該電子運輸記錄，轉(zhuǎn)讓其中包含的各項權(quán)利。
Article 58 Liability of holder 第58 條 持有人的賠償責任
1. Without prejudice to article 55, a holder that is not the shipper and that does not exercise any right under the contract of carriage does not assume any liability under the contract of carriage solely by reason of being a holder.
在不影響第55 條的情況下，非托運人的持有人，未行使運輸合同下任何權(quán)利的，不能只因為是持有人而負有運輸合同下的任何賠償責任。
2. A holder that is not the shipper and that exercises any right under the contract of carriage assumes any liabilities imposed on it under the contract of carriage to the extent that such liabilities are incorporated in or ascertainable from the negotiable transport document or the negotiable electronic transport record.
非托運人的持有人，行使運輸合同下任何權(quán)利的，負有運輸合同對其規(guī)定的任何賠償責任，但此種賠償責任須載入可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證或者可轉(zhuǎn)讓電子運輸記錄，或者可以從其中查明。
3. For the purposes of paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article, a holder that is not the shipper does not exercise any right under the contract of carriage solely because:
就本條第1 款和第2 款而言，非托運人的持有人不能只因為下列作為而被視為行使運輸合同下的任何權(quán)利：
(a) It agrees with the carrier, pursuant to article 10, to replace a negotiable transport document by a negotiable electronic transport record or to replace a negotiable electronic transport record by a negotiable transport document; or
(b) It transfers its rights pursuant to article 57.
(a) 該持有人根據(jù)第10 條與承運人約定，以可轉(zhuǎn)讓電子運輸記錄替換可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證，或者以可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證替換可轉(zhuǎn)讓電子運輸記錄；或者
(b) 該持有人根據(jù)第57 條轉(zhuǎn)讓其權(quán)利。
Chapter 12 Limits of liability 第12 章 賠償責任限額
Article 59Limits of liability 第59 條 賠償責任限額
1. Subject to articles 60 and 61, paragraph 1, the carrier’s liability for breaches of its obligations under this Convention is limited to 875 units of account per package or other shipping unit, or 3 units of account per kilogram of the gross weight of the goods that are the subject of the claim or dispute, whichever amount is the higher, except when the value of the goods has been declared by the shipper and included in the contract particulars, or when a higher amount than the amount of limitation of liability set out in this article has been agreed upon between the carrier and the shipper.
除第60 條以及第61 條第1 款另有規(guī)定外，承運人對于違反本公約對其規(guī)定的義務所負賠償責任的限額，按照索賠或者爭議所涉貨物的件數(shù)或者其他貨運單位計算，每件或者每個其他貨運單位875 個計算單位，或者按照索賠或者爭議所涉貨物的毛重計算，每公斤3 個計算單位，以兩者中較高限額為準，但貨物價值已由托運人申報且在合同事項中載明的，或者承運人與托運人已另行約定高于本條所規(guī)定的賠償責任限額的，不在此列。
2. When goods are carried in or on a container, pallet or similar article of transport used to consolidate goods, or in or on a vehicle, the packages or shipping units enumerated in the contract particulars as packed in or on such article of transport or vehicle are deemed packages or shipping units. If not so enumerated, the goods in or on such article of transport or vehicle are deemed one
shipping unit.
貨物載于集裝箱、貨盤或者拼裝貨物的類似裝運器具內(nèi)，或者載于車輛內(nèi)運輸?shù)模贤马椫休d列的載于此種裝運器具內(nèi)或者車輛內(nèi)的貨物件數(shù)或者貨運單位數(shù)，視為貨物件數(shù)或者貨運單位數(shù)。未載列的，載于此種裝運器具內(nèi)或者車輛內(nèi)的貨物視為一個貨運單位。
3. The unit of account referred to in this article is the Special Drawing Right as defined by the International Monetary Fund. The amounts referred to in this article are to be converted into the national currency of a State according to the value of such currency at the date of judgement or award or the date agreed upon by the parties. The value of a national currency, in terms of the Special Drawing Right, of a Contracting State that is a member of the International Monetary Fund is to be calculated in accordance with the method of valuation applied by the International Monetary Fund in effect at the date in question for its operations and transactions. The value of a national currency, in terms of the Special Drawing Right, of a Contracting State that is not a member of the International Monetary Fund is to be calculated in a manner to be determined
by that State.
本條述及的計算單位，是國際貨幣基金組織定義的特別提款權(quán)。本條述及的限額，須按照一國國家貨幣在判決日或者裁決日，或者在當事人約定日的幣值折算成該國貨幣。一締約國是國際貨幣基金組織成員國的，該國貨幣對特別提款權(quán)的比價，須按照國際貨幣基金組織當日對其業(yè)務和交易實行的計價換算方法計算。 一締約國不是國際貨幣基金組織成員國的，該國貨幣對特別提款權(quán)的比價，須按照該國確定的方式計算。
Article 60 Limits of liability for loss caused by delay 第60 條 遲延造成損失的賠償責任限額
Subject to article 61, paragraph 2, compensation for loss of or damage to the goods due to delay shall be calculated in accordance with article 22 and liability for economic loss due to delay is limited to an amount equivalent to two and one-half times the freight payable on the goods delayed. The total amount payable pursuant to this article and article 59, paragraph 1, may not exceed the limit that would be established pursuant to article 59, paragraph 1, in respect of the total loss of the goods concerned.
除第61 條第2 款另有規(guī)定外，對遲延造成貨物滅失或者損壞的賠償額，應當按照第22 條計算，對遲延造成經(jīng)濟損失的賠償責任限額，是相當于遲交貨物應付運費兩倍半的數(shù)額。根據(jù)本條以及第59 條第1 款確定的賠付總額，不得超過所涉貨物全損時根據(jù)第59 條第1 款確定的限額。
Article 61 Loss of the benefit of limitation of liability 第61 條 賠償責任限制權(quán)的喪失
1. Neither the carrier nor any of the persons referred to in article 18 is entitled to the benefit of the limitation of liability as provided in article 59, or as provided in the contract of carriage, if the claimant proves that the loss resulting from the breach of the carrier’s obligation under this Convention was attributable to a personal act or omission of the person claiming a right to limit done with the intent to cause such loss or recklessly and with knowledge that such loss would probably result.
如果索賠人證明，違反本公約規(guī)定的承運人義務所造成的損失，是由于聲稱有權(quán)限制賠償責任的人本人故意造成此種損失的作為或者不作為所導致的，或者是明知可能產(chǎn)生此種損失而輕率地作為或者不作為所導致的，則承運人或者第18 條述及的任何人，無權(quán)根據(jù)第59 條的規(guī)定或者按照運輸合同的約定享有限制賠償責任的利益。
2. Neither the carrier nor any of the persons mentioned in article 18 is entitled to the benefit of the limitation of liability as provided in article 60 if the claimant proves that the delay in delivery resulted from a personal act or omission of the person claiming a right to limit done with the intent to cause the loss due to delay or recklessly and with knowledge that such loss would probably result.
如果索賠人證明，遲延交付是由于聲稱有權(quán)限制賠償責任的人本人故意造成遲延損失的作為或者不作為所導致的，或者是明知可能產(chǎn)生此種損失而輕率地作為或者不作為所導致的，則承運人或者第18 條述及的任何人，無權(quán)根據(jù)第60 條的規(guī)定享有限制賠償責任的利益。
Chapter 13 Time for suit 第13 章 時效
Article 62 Period of time for suit 第62 條 時效期間
1. No judicial or arbitral proceedings in respect of claims or disputes arising from a breach of an obligation under this Convention may be instituted after the expiration of a period of two years.
兩年時效期間期滿后，不得就違反本公約下的一項義務所產(chǎn)生的索賠或者爭議提起司法程序或者仲裁程序。
2. The period referred to in paragraph 1 of this article commences on the day on which the carrier has delivered the goods or, in cases in which no goods have been delivered or only part of the goods have been delivered, on the last day on which the goods should have been delivered. The day on which the period commences is not included in the period.
本條第1 款述及的時效期間，自承運人交付貨物之日起算，未交付貨物或者只交付了部分貨物的，自本應交付貨物最后之日起算。時效期間的起算日不包括在該期間內(nèi)。
3. Notwithstanding the expiration of the period set out in paragraph 1 of this article, one party may rely on its claim as a defence or for the purpose of set-off against a claim asserted by the other party.
即使本條第1 款規(guī)定的時效期間期滿，一方當事人仍然可以提出索賠作為抗辯，或者以此抵消對方當事人提出的索賠。
Article 63 Extension of time for suit 第63 條 時效的延長
The period provided in article 62 shall not be subject to suspension or interruption, but the person against which a claim is made may at any time during the running of the period extend that period by a declaration to the claimant. This period may be further extended by another declaration or declarations.
第62 條規(guī)定的時效期間不得中止或者中斷，但被索賠人可以在時效期間內(nèi)的任何時間，通過向索賠人聲明而延長該時效期間。該時效期間可以經(jīng)再次聲明或者多次聲明進一步延長。
Article 64 Action for indemnity 第64 條 追償訴訟
An action for indemnity by a person held liable may be instituted after the expiration of the period provided in article 62 if the indemnity action is instituted within the later of:
被認定負有責任的人，可以在第62 條規(guī)定的時效期間期滿后提起追償訴訟，提起該追償訴訟的時效期間以下列較晚者為準：
(a) The time allowed by the applicable law in the jurisdiction where proceedings are instituted; or
(b) Ninety days commencing from the day when the person instituting the action for indemnity has either settled the claim or been served with process in the action against itself, whichever is earlier.
(a) 提起程序的管轄地準據(jù)法所允許的時效期間內(nèi)；或者
(b) 自追償訴訟提起人解決原索賠之日起或者自收到向其本人送達的起訴文書之日起九十日內(nèi)，以較早者為準。
Article 65 Actions against the person identified as the carrier
第65 條 對被識別為承運人的人的訴訟
An action against the bareboat charterer or the person identified as the carrier pursuant to article 37, paragraph 2, may be instituted after the expiration of the period provided in article 62 if the action is instituted within the later of:
(a) The time allowed by the applicable law in the jurisdiction where proceedings are instituted; or
(b) Ninety days commencing from the day when the carrier has been identified, or the registered owner or bareboat charterer has rebutted the presumption that it is the carrier, pursuant to article 37, paragraph 2.
對光船承租人或者對根據(jù)第37 條第2 款被識別為承運人的人的訴訟，可以在第62 條規(guī)定的時效期間期滿后提起，提起該訴訟的時效期間以下列較晚者為準：
(a) 提起程序的管轄地準據(jù)法所允許的時效期間內(nèi)；或者
(b) 自識別承運人之日起或者自船舶登記所有人或者光船承租人根據(jù)第37 條第2 款推翻其為承運人的推定之日起九十日內(nèi)。
Chapter 14 Jurisdiction 第14 章 管轄權(quán)
Article 66 Actions against the carrier 第66 條 對承運人的訴訟
Unless the contract of carriage contains an exclusive choice of court agreement that complies with article 67 or 72, the plaintiff has the right to institute judicial proceedings under this Convention against the carrier:
(a) In a competent court within the jurisdiction of which is situated one of the following places:
(i) The domicile of the carrier;
(ii) The place of receipt agreed in the contract of carriage;
(iii) The place of delivery agreed in the contract of carriage; or
(iv) The port where the goods are initially loaded on a ship or the port where the goods are finally discharged from a ship; or
(b) In a competent court or courts designated by an agreement between the shipper and the carrier for the purpose of deciding claims against the carrier that may arise under this Convention.
除非運輸合同載有一項符合第67 條或者第72 條的排他性法院選擇協(xié)議，否則原告有權(quán)根據(jù)本公約在下列管轄法院之一對承運人提起司法程序：
(a) 對下列地點之一擁有管轄權(quán)的一管轄法院：
(i) 承運人的住所；
(ii) 運輸合同約定的收貨地；
(iii) 運輸合同約定的交貨地；或者
(iv) 貨物的最初裝船港或者貨物的最終卸船港；或者
(b) 為裁定本公約下可能產(chǎn)生的向承運人索賠事項，托運人與承運人在協(xié)議中指定的一個或者數(shù)個管轄法院。
Article 67 Choice of court agreements 第67 條 法院選擇協(xié)議
1. The jurisdiction of a court chosen in accordance with article 66, subparagraph
(b), is exclusive for disputes between the parties to the contract only if the parties so agree and the agreement conferring jurisdiction: (a) Is contained in a volume contract that clearly states the names and addresses of the parties and either (i) is individually negotiated or (ii) contains a prominent statement that there is an exclusive choice of court agreement and specifies the sections of the volume contract containing that agreement; and (b) Clearly designates the courts of one Contracting State or one or more specific courts of one Contracting State.
根據(jù)第66 條第(b) 項選擇的法院，只有經(jīng)合同當事人協(xié)議約定，且只有授予管轄權(quán)協(xié)議滿足下列各項條件，方能對合同當事人之間的爭議具有排他性管轄權(quán)：
(a) 該協(xié)議載于清楚載明各方當事人名稱和地址的批量合同，此種批量合同(i) 是單獨協(xié)商訂立，或者(ii) 載有一則存在一項排他性法院選擇協(xié)議的明確聲明，且指出批量合同中載有該協(xié)議的部分；并且
(b) 該協(xié)議清楚指定某一締約國的數(shù)個法院或者某一締約國的一個或者數(shù)個特定法院。
2. A person that is not a party to the volume contract is bound by an exclusive choice of court agreement concluded in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article only if:
(a) The court is in one of the places designated in article 66, subparagraph (a);
(b) That agreement is contained in the transport document or electronic transport record;
(c) That person is given timely and adequate notice of the court where the action shall be brought and that the jurisdiction of that court is exclusive;and
(d) The law of the court seized recognizes that that person may be bound by the exclusive choice of court agreement.
根據(jù)本條第1 款訂立的排他性法院選擇協(xié)議，只有滿足下列各項條件，方能對不是批量合同當事人的人具有約束力：
(a) 該法院位于第66 條第(a) 項所指定的地點之一；
(b) 該協(xié)議載于運輸單證或者電子運輸記錄；
(c) 關于訴訟提起地法院以及該法院擁有排他性管轄權(quán)的通知已及時、正確地發(fā)給該人；并且
(d) 受案法院的法律承認該排他性法院選擇協(xié)議對該人具有約束力。
Article 68Actions against the maritime performing party 第68 條 對海運履約方的訴訟
The plaintiff has the right to institute judicial proceedings under this Convention against the maritime performing party in a competent court within the jurisdiction of which is situated one of the following places:
(a) The domicile of the maritime performing party; or
(b) The port where the goods are received by the maritime performing party, the port where the goods are delivered by the maritime performing party or the port in which the maritime performing party performs its activities with respect to the goods.
原告有權(quán)在對下列地點之一擁有管轄權(quán)的管轄法院，根據(jù)本公約對海運履約方提起司法程序：
(a) 海運履約方的住所；或者
(b) 海運履約方接收貨物的港口、海運履約方交付貨物的港口，或者海運履約方執(zhí)行與貨物有關的各種活動的港口。
Article 69 No additional bases of jurisdiction 第69 條 不另增管轄權(quán)地
Subject to articles 71 and 72, no judicial proceedings under this Convention against the carrier or a maritime performing party may be instituted in a court not designated pursuant to article 66 or 68.
除第71 條和第72 條另有規(guī)定外，不得在不是根據(jù)第66 條或者第68 條指定的法院，根據(jù)本公約對承運人或者海運履約方提起司法程序。
Article 70 Arrest and provisional or protective measures
第70 條 扣留以及臨時措施或者保全措施
Nothing in this Convention affects jurisdiction with regard to provisional or protective measures, including arrest. A court in a State in which a provisional or protective measure was taken does not have jurisdiction to determine the case upon its merits unless:
(a) The requirements of this chapter are fulfilled; or
(b) An international convention that applies in that State so provides.
本公約的規(guī)定概不影響對臨時措施或者保全措施，包括對扣留的管轄權(quán)。除非符合下列條件，否則臨時措施或者保全措施執(zhí)行地所在國的法院不享有裁定案件實體的管轄權(quán)：
(a) 符合本章的要求；或者
(b) 一項國際公約在該國適用的，該國際公約作此規(guī)定。
Article 71 Consolidation and removal of actions 第71 條 訴訟合并和移轉(zhuǎn)
1. Except when there is an exclusive choice of court agreement that is binding pursuant to article 67 or 72, if a single action is brought against both the carrier and the maritime performing party arising out of a single occurrence, the action may be instituted only in a court designated pursuant to both article 66 and article 68. If there is no such court, such action may be instituted in a court designated pursuant to article 68, subparagraph (b), if there is such a court.
除非根據(jù)第67 條或者第72 條存在一項具有約束力的排他性法院選擇協(xié)議，就同一事件同時對承運人和海運履約方提起一項共同訴訟的，只能在同時根據(jù)第66 條和第68 條指定的一法院提起該訴訟。無上述這類法院的，可以在根據(jù)第68 條第(b) 項指定的一法院，在其存在的情況下提起該訴訟。
2. Except when there is an exclusive choice of court agreement that is binding pursuant to article 67 or 72, a carrier or a maritime performing party that institutes an action seeking a declaration of non-liability or any other action that would deprive a person of its right to select the forum pursuant to article 66 or 68 shall, at the request of the defendant, withdraw that action once the defendant has chosen a court designated pursuant to article 66 or 68, whichever is applicable, where the action may be recommenced.
除非根據(jù)第67 條或者第72 條存在一項具有約束力的排他性法院選擇協(xié)議，承運人或者海運履約方提起的訴訟尋求一項不承擔賠償責任聲明的，或者提起的其他任何訴訟將剝奪一人根據(jù)第66 條或者第68 條選擇訴訟地的權(quán)利的，該承運人或者海運履約方應當在被告已選擇根據(jù)第66 條或者第68 條（兩者以適用者為準）所指定的法院的情況下，根據(jù)被告的要求撤回該訴訟，然后可以在該法院重新提起訴訟。
Article 72Agreement after a dispute has arisen and jurisdiction when the defendant has entered an appearance
第72 條 爭議產(chǎn)生后的協(xié)議和被告應訴時的管轄權(quán)
1. After a dispute has arisen, the parties to the dispute may agree to resolve it in any competent court.
爭議產(chǎn)生后，爭議各方當事人可以協(xié)議約定在任何管轄法院解決爭議。
2. A competent court before which a defendant appears, without contesting jurisdiction in accordance with the rules of that court, has jurisdiction.
被告在一管轄法院應訴，未根據(jù)該法院的規(guī)則提出管轄權(quán)異議的，該法院擁有管轄權(quán)。
Article 73 Recognition and enforcement 第73 條 承認和執(zhí)行
1. A decision made in one Contracting State by a court having jurisdiction under this Convention shall be recognized and enforced in another Contracting State in accordance with the law of such latter Contracting State when both States have made a declaration in accordance with article 74.
根據(jù)本公約擁有管轄權(quán)的一法院在一締約國作出的裁決，應當在另一締約國根據(jù)該另一締約國的法律得到承認和執(zhí)行，但兩國須已根據(jù)第74 條作出聲明。
2. A court may refuse recognition and enforcement based on the grounds for the refusal of recognition and enforcement available pursuant to its law.
一法院可以以其法律所提供的拒絕承認和執(zhí)行的理由為根據(jù)，拒絕給予承認和執(zhí)行。
3. This chapter shall not affect the application of the rules of a regional economic integration organization that is a party to this Convention, as concerns the recognition or enforcement of judgements as between member States of the regional economic integration organization, whether adopted before or after this Convention.
本章不得影響加入本公約的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化組織對其成員國彼此承認或者執(zhí)行判決適用本組織的規(guī)則，不論這些規(guī)則的通過時間是在本公約之前還是之后。
Article 74 Application of chapter 14 第74 條 第14 章的適用
The provisions of this chapter shall bind only Contracting States that declare in accordance with article 91 that they will be bound by them.
本章的規(guī)定只能對根據(jù)第91 條聲明其將受本章規(guī)定約束的締約國具有約束力。
Chapter 15 Arbitration 第15 章 仲裁
Article 75 Arbitration agreements 第75 條 仲裁協(xié)議
1. Subject to this chapter, parties may agree that any dispute that may arise relating to the carriage of goods under this Convention shall be referred to arbitration.
除本章另有規(guī)定外，當事人可以協(xié)議約定，任何根據(jù)本公約運輸貨物可能產(chǎn)生的爭議均應當提交仲裁。
2. The arbitration proceedings shall, at the option of the person asserting a claim against the carrier, take place at:
(a) Any place designated for that purpose in the arbitration agreement; or
(b) Any other place situated in a State where any of the following places is located: (i) The domicile of the carrier; (ii) The place of receipt agreed in the contract of carriage; (iii) The place of delivery agreed in the contract of carriage; or (iv) The port where the goods are initially loaded on a ship or the port where the goods are finally discharged from a ship.
2. 仲裁程序應當按照對承運人提起索賠的人的選擇：
(a) 在仲裁協(xié)議為此目的指定的任何地點進行；或者
(b) 在一國的其他任何地點進行，下列任何地點位于該國即可：
(i) 承運人的住所；
(ii) 運輸合同約定的收貨地；
(iii) 運輸合同約定的交貨地；或者
(iv) 貨物的最初裝船港或者貨物的最終卸船港。
3. The designation of the place of arbitration in the agreement is binding for disputes between the parties to the agreement if the agreement is contained in a volume contract that clearly states the names and addresses of the parties and either: (a) Is individually negotiated; or (b) Contains a prominent statement that there is an arbitration agreement and specifies the sections of the volume contract containing the arbitration agreement.
仲裁協(xié)議指定的仲裁地對仲裁協(xié)議當事人之間的爭議具有約束力，條件是，載有該仲裁協(xié)議的批量合同清楚載明各方當事人的名稱和地址，且該批量合同屬于下列情況之一：
(a) 是單獨協(xié)商訂立的；或者
(b) 載有一則存在一項仲裁協(xié)議的明確聲明，且指出批量合同中載有該仲裁協(xié)議的部分。
4. When an arbitration agreement has been concluded in accordance with paragraph 3 of this article, a person that is not a party to the volume contract is bound by the designation of the place of arbitration in that agreement only if:
(a) The place of arbitration designated in the agreement is situated in one of the places referred to in subparagraph 2 (b) of this article;
(b) The agreement is contained in the transport document or electronic transport record;
(c) The person to be bound is given timely and adequate notice of the place of arbitration; and
(d) Applicable law permits that person to be bound by the arbitration agreement
仲裁協(xié)議已根據(jù)本條第3 款訂立的，該協(xié)議指定的仲裁地，只有滿足下列條件，方能對不是批量合同當事人的人具有約束力：
(a) 該協(xié)議指定的仲裁地位于本條第2 款第(b) 項述及的地點之一；
(b) 該協(xié)議載于運輸單證或者電子運輸記錄；
(c) 仲裁地通知已及時、正確地發(fā)給受仲裁協(xié)議約束的人；并且
(d) 準據(jù)法準許該人受該仲裁協(xié)議的約束。
.5. The provisions of paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 4 of this article are deemed to be part of every arbitration clause or agreement, and any term of such clause or agreement to the extent that it is inconsistent therewith is void.
本條第1 款、第2 款、第3 款和第4 款的規(guī)定，視為每一仲裁條款或者仲裁協(xié)議的一部分，此種條款或者協(xié)議的規(guī)定，凡與其不一致的，一概無效。
Article 76Arbitration agreement in non-liner transportation
第76 條 非班輪運輸中的仲裁協(xié)議
1. Nothing in this Convention affects the enforceability of an arbitration agreement in a contract of carriage in non-liner transportation to which this Convention or the provisions of this Convention apply by reason of:
(a) The application of article 7; or
(b) The parties’ voluntary incorporation of this Convention in a contract of carriage that would not otherwise be subject to this Convention.
非班輪運輸?shù)倪\輸合同由于下列原因而適用本公約或者本公約規(guī)定的，本公約的規(guī)定概不影響該運輸合同中仲裁協(xié)議的可執(zhí)行性：
(a) 適用第7 條；或者
(b) 各方當事人自愿在本來不受本公約管轄的運輸合同中納入本公約。
2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1 of this article, an arbitration agreement in a transport document or electronic transport record to which this Convention applies by reason of the application of article 7 is subject to this chapter unless such a transport document or electronic transport record:
(a) Identifies the parties to and the date of the charter party or other contract excluded from the application of this Convention by reason of the application of article 6; and
(b) Incorporates by specific reference the clause in the charter party or other contract that contains the terms of the arbitration agreement.
雖有本條第1 款規(guī)定，運輸單證或者電子運輸記錄由于適用第7 條而適用本公約的，其中的仲裁協(xié)議仍受本章的管轄，除非此種運輸單證或者電子運輸記錄：
(a) 載明了因適用第6 條而被排除在本公約適用范圍之外的租船合同或者其他合同的各方當事人和日期；并且
(b) 以具體提及方式納入了租船合同或者其他合同中載有仲裁協(xié)議規(guī)定的條款。
Article 77Agreement to arbitrate after a dispute has arisen
第77 條 爭議產(chǎn)生后的仲裁協(xié)議
Notwithstanding the provisions of this chapter and chapter 14, after a dispute has arisen the parties to the dispute may agree to resolve it by arbitration in any place.
雖有本章和第14 章的規(guī)定，爭議產(chǎn)生后，爭議各方當事人仍可以協(xié)議約定在任何地點以仲裁方式解決爭議。
Article 78 Application of chapter 15 第78 條 第15 章的適用
The provisions of this chapter shall bind only Contracting States that declare in accordance with article 91 that they will be bound by them.
本章的規(guī)定只能對根據(jù)第91 條聲明其將受本章規(guī)定約束的締約國具有約束力。
Chapter 16 Validity of contractual terms 第16 章 合同條款的有效性
Article 79 General provisions 第79 條 一般規(guī)定
1. Unless otherwise provided in this Convention, any term in a contract of carriage is void to the extent that it:
(a) Directly or indirectly excludes or limits the obligations of the carrier or a maritime performing party under this Convention;
(b) Directly or indirectly excludes or limits the liability of the carrier or a maritime performing party for breach of an obligation under this Convention; or
(c) Assigns a benefit of insurance of the goods in favour of the carrier or a person referred to in article 18.
1. 除非本公約另有規(guī)定，運輸合同中的條款，凡有下列情形之一的，一概無效：
(a) 直接或者間接，排除或者限制承運人或者海運履約方在本公約下所承擔的義務；
(b) 直接或者間接，排除或者限制承運人或者海運履約方對違反本公約下的義務所負的賠償責任；或者
(c) 將貨物的保險利益轉(zhuǎn)讓給承運人或者第18 條述及的人。
2. Unless otherwise provided in this Convention, any term in a contract of carriage is void to the extent that it:
(a) Directly or indirectly excludes, limits or increases the obligations under this Convention of the shipper, consignee, controlling party, holder or documentary shipper; or
(b) Directly or indirectly excludes, limits or increases the liability of the shipper, consignee, controlling party, holder or documentary shipper for breach of any of its obligations under this Convention.
除非本公約另有規(guī)定，運輸合同中的條款，凡有下列情形之一的，一概無效：
(a) 直接或者間接，排除、限制或者增加托運人、收貨人、控制方、持有人或者單證托運人在本公約下所承擔的義務；或者
(b) 直接或者間接，排除、限制或者增加托運人、收貨人、控制方、持有人或者單證托運人對違反本公約下任何義務所負的賠償責任。
Article 80 Special rules for volume contracts 第80 條 批量合同特別規(guī)則
1. Notwithstanding article 79, as between the carrier and the shipper, a volume contract to which this Convention applies may provide for greater or lesser rights, obligations and liabilities than those imposed by this Convention.
雖有第79 條的規(guī)定，在承運人與托運人之間，本公約所適用的批量合同可以約定增加或者減少本公約中規(guī)定的權(quán)利、義務和賠償責任。
2.A derogation pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article is binding only when:
(a) The volume contract contains a prominent statement that it derogates from this Convention;
(b) The volume contract is (i) individually negotiated or (ii) prominently specifies the sections of the volume contract containing the derogations;
(c) The shipper is given an opportunity and notice of the opportunity to conclude a contract of carriage on terms and conditions that comply with this Convention without any derogation under this article; and
(d) The derogation is neither (i) incorporated by reference from another document nor (ii) included in a contract of adhesion that is not subject to negotiation.
根據(jù)本條第1 款作出的背離，僅在下列情況下具有約束力：
(a) 批量合同載有一則該批量合同背離本公約的明確聲明；
(b) 批量合同(i) 是單獨協(xié)商訂立的，或者(ii) 明確指出批量合同中載有背離內(nèi)容的部分；
(c) 給予了托運人按照符合本公約的條款和條件訂立運輸合同，而不根據(jù)本條作出任何背離的機會，且向托運人通知了此種機會；并且
(d) 背離既不是(i) 以提及方式從另一文件并入，也不是( i i ) 包含在不經(jīng)協(xié)商的附合合同中。
3. A carrier’s public schedule of prices and services, transport document, electronic transport record or similar document is not a volume contract pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article, but a volume contract may incorporate such documents by reference as terms of the contract.
承運人的公開運價表和服務表、運輸單證、電子運輸記錄或者類似文件不是本條第1 款所指的批量合同，但批量合同可以通過提及方式并入此類文件，將其作為合同條款。
4. Paragraph 1 of this article does not apply to rights and obligations provided in articles 14, subparagraphs (a) and (b), 29 and 32 or to liability arising from the breach thereof, nor does it apply to any liability arising from an act or omission referred to in article 61.
本條第1 款既不適用于第14 條第(a) 項和第(b) 項、第29 條和第32 條中規(guī)定的權(quán)利和義務或者因違反這些規(guī)定而產(chǎn)生的賠償責任，也不適用于因第61 條述及的作為或者不作為而產(chǎn)生的任何賠償責任。
5. The terms of the volume contract that derogate from this Convention, if the volume contract satisfies the requirements of paragraph 2 of this article, apply between the carrier and any person other than the shipper provided that:
批量合同滿足本條第2 款要求的，其中背離本公約的條款，須滿足下列條件，方能在承運人與非托運人的其他任何人之間適用：
(a) Such person received information that prominently states that the volume contract derogates from this Convention and gave its express consent to be bound by such derogations; and
(b) Such consent is not solely set forth in a carrier’s public schedule of prices and services, transport document or electronic transport record.
(a) 該人已收到明確記載該批量合同背離本公約的信息，且已明確同意受此種背離的約束；并且
(b) 此種同意不單在承運人的公開運價表和服務表、運輸單證或者電子運輸記錄上載明。
6. The party claiming the benefit of the derogation bears the burden of proof that the conditions for derogation have been fulfilled.
一方當事人對背離本公約主張利益，負有證明背離本公約的各項條件已得到滿足的舉證責任。
Article 81 Special rules for live animals and certain other goods
第81 條 活動物和某些其他貨物特別規(guī)則
Notwithstanding article 79 and without prejudice to article 80, the contract of carriage may exclude or limit the obligations or the liability of both the carrier and a maritime performing party if:
(a) The goods are live animals, but any such exclusion or limitation will not be effective if the claimant proves that the loss of or damage to the goods, or delay in delivery, resulted from an act or omission of the carrier or of a person referred to in article 18, done with the intent to cause such loss of or damage to the goods or such loss due to delay or done recklessly and with knowledge that such loss or damage or such loss due to delay would probably result; or
(b) The character or condition of the goods or the circumstances and terms and conditions under which the carriage is to be performed are such as reasonably to justify a special agreement, provided that such contract of carriage is not related to ordinary commercial shipments made in the ordinary course of trade and that no negotiable transport document or negotiable electronic transport record is issued for the carriage of the goods.
雖有第79 條的規(guī)定，在不影響第80 條的情況下，運輸合同可以排除或者限制承運人和海運履約方的義務或者賠償責任，條件是：
(a) 貨物是活動物，但如果索賠人證明，貨物滅失、損壞或者遲延交付，是由于承運人或者第18 條述及的人故意造成此種貨物滅失、損壞或者此種遲延損失的作為或者不作為所導致的，或者是明知可能產(chǎn)生此種滅失、損壞或者此種遲延損失而輕率地作為或者不作為所導致的，則任何此種排除或者限制均屬無效；或者
(b) 貨物的性質(zhì)或者狀況，或者進行運輸?shù)那闆r和條件，使得有合理的理由達成一項特別協(xié)議，但此種運輸合同不能涉及正常貿(mào)易過程中所進行的正常商業(yè)貨運，且此種貨物運輸未簽發(fā)可轉(zhuǎn)讓運輸單證或者可轉(zhuǎn)讓電子運輸記錄。
Chapter 17 Matters not governed by this Convention
第17 章 本公約不管轄的事項
Article 82 International conventions governing the carriage of goods by other modes of transport
第82 條 管轄其他運輸方式貨物運輸?shù)膰H公約
Nothing in this Convention affects the application of any of the following international conventions in force at the time this Convention enters into force, including any future amendment to such conventions, that regulate the liability of the carrier for loss of or damage to the goods:
(a) Any convention governing the carriage of goods by air to the extent that such convention according to its provisions applies to any part of the contract of carriage;
(b) Any convention governing the carriage of goods by road to the extent that such convention according to its provisions applies to the carriage of goods that remain loaded on a road cargo vehicle carried on board a ship;
(c) Any convention governing the carriage of goods by rail to the extent that such convention according to its provisions applies to carriage of goods by sea as a supplement to the carriage by rail; or
(d) Any convention governing the carriage of goods by inland waterways to the extent that such convention according to its provisions applies to a carriage of goods without trans-shipment both by inland waterways and sea.
本公約的規(guī)定概不影響適用在本公約生效時已生效的，規(guī)范承運人對貨物滅失或者損壞的賠償責任的下列國際公約，包括今后對此種公約的任何修正：
(a) 任何管轄航空貨物運輸?shù)墓s，此種公約根據(jù)其規(guī)定適用于運輸合同的任何部分；
(b) 任何管轄公路貨物運輸?shù)墓s，此種公約根據(jù)其規(guī)定適用于船載公路貨運車輛不卸貨的貨物運輸；
(c) 任何管轄鐵路貨物運輸?shù)墓s，此種公約根據(jù)其規(guī)定適用于補充鐵路運輸?shù)暮Ｉ县浳镞\輸；或者
(d) 任何管轄內(nèi)河航道貨物運輸?shù)墓s，此種公約根據(jù)其規(guī)定適用于不在內(nèi)河航道和海上轉(zhuǎn)船的貨物運輸。
Article 83 Global limitation of liability 第83 條 賠償責任總限制
Nothing in this Convention affects the application of any international convention or national law regulating the global limitation of liability of vessel owners.
本公約的規(guī)定概不影響適用任何規(guī)范船舶所有人賠償責任總限制的國際公約或者國內(nèi)法。
Article 84General average 第84 條 共同海損
Nothing in this Convention affects the application of terms in the contract of carriage or provisions of national law regarding the adjustment of general average.
本公約的規(guī)定概不影響適用有關共同海損理算的運輸合同條款或者國內(nèi)法規(guī)定。
Article 85 Passengers and luggage 第85 條 旅客和行李
This Convention does not apply to a contract of carriage for passengers and their luggage.
本公約不適用于旅客及其行李的運輸合同。
Article 86 Damage caused by nuclear incident 第86 條 核事故造成的損害
No liability arises under this Convention for damage caused by a nuclear incident if the operator of a nuclear installation is liable for such damage:
(a) Under the Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy of 29 July 1960 as amended by the Additional Protocol of 28 January 1964 and by the Protocols of 16 November 1982 and 12 February 2004, the Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage of 21 May 1963 as amended by the Joint Protocol Relating to the Application of the Vienna Convention and the Paris Convention of 21 September 1988 and as amended by theProtocol to Amend the 1963 Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage of 12 September 1997, or the Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage of 12 September 1997, including any amendment to these conventions and any future convention in respect of the liability of the operator of a nuclear installation for damage caused by a nuclear incident; or (b) Under national law applicable to the liability for such damage, provided that such law is in all respects as favourable to persons that may suffer damage as either the Paris or Vienna Conventions or the Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage.
對于核事故造成的損害，根據(jù)下列文書應由核設施經(jīng)營人負賠償責任的，不產(chǎn)生本公約下的任何賠償責任：
(a) 經(jīng)1964 年1 月28 日附加議定書以及1982 年11 月16 日和2004 年2 月12 日議定書修正的1960 年7 月29 日《關于核能領域第三方責任巴黎公約》、經(jīng)1988 年9 月21 日《關于適用維也納公約和巴黎公約的聯(lián)合議定書》修正并經(jīng)1997 年9 月12 日修正1963 年《核損害民事責任維也納公約》的議定書修正的1963 年5 月21 日《核損害民事責任維也納公約》、或者1997 年9 月12 日《關于核損害補充賠償公約》，包括就核設施經(jīng)營人對核事故造成損害的賠償責任對這些公約的任何修正以及這方面的任何新公約；或者
(b) 適用于此類損害賠償責任的國內(nèi)法，條件是此種國內(nèi)法在各方面同《巴黎公約》、《維也納公約》或者《關于核損害補充賠償公約》一樣有利于可能遭受損害的人。
Chapter 18 Final clauses第18 章 最后條款
Article 87 Depositary 第87 條 保存人
The Secretary-General of the United Nations is hereby designated as the depositary of this Convention.
茲指定聯(lián)合國秘書長為本公約保存人。
Article 88 Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession
第88 條 簽署、批準、接受、核準或者加入
1. This Convention is open for signature by all States at Rotterdam, the Netherlands, on 23 September 2009, and thereafter at the Headquarters of the United Nations in New York.
2. This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by the signatory States.
3. This Convention is open for accession by all States that are not signatory States as from the date it is open for signature.
4. Instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval and accession are to be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
1. 本公約2009 年9 月23 日在荷蘭鹿特丹開放供各國簽署，隨后在紐約聯(lián)合國總部開放供各國簽署。
2. 本公約須經(jīng)簽署國批準、接受或者核準。
3. 本公約自開放供簽署之日起對所有未簽署國開放供加入。
4. 批準書、接受書、核準書和加入書應當交存聯(lián)合國秘書長。
Article 89 Denunciation of other conventions 第89 條 退出其他公約
1. A State that ratifies, accepts, approves or accedes to this Convention and is a party to the International Convention for the Unification of certain Rules of Law relating to Bills of Lading signed at Brussels on 25 August 1924, to the Protocol to amend the International Convention for the Unification of certain Rules of Law relating to Bills of Lading, signed at Brussels on 23 February 1968, or to the Protocol to amend the International Convention for the Unification of certain Rules of Law relating to Bills of Lading as Modified by the Amending Protocol of 23 February 1968, signed at Brussels on 21 December 1979, shall at the same time denounce that Convention and the protocol or protocols thereto to which it is a party by notifying the Government of Belgium to that effect, with a declaration that the denunciation is to take effect as from the date when this Convention enters into force in respect of that State.
1924 年8 月25 日在布魯塞爾簽署的《統(tǒng)一提單若干法律規(guī)則國際公約》、1968 年2 月23 日在布魯塞爾簽署的修正《統(tǒng)一提單若干法律規(guī)則國際公約》的議定書、或者1979 年12 月21 日在布魯塞爾簽署的修正經(jīng)1968 年2 月23 日修正議定書修正的《統(tǒng)一提單若干法律規(guī)則國際公約》的議定書的締約國，應當在批準、接受、核準或者加入本公約的同時，通過向比利時政府提供相應的通知，退出已是其締約國的該公約及其議定書，同時聲明退約自本公約對該國生效之日起生效。
2. A State that ratifies, accepts, approves or accedes to this Convention and is a party to the United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea concluded at Hamburg on 31 March 1978 shall at the same time denounce that Convention by notifying the Secretary-General of the United Nations to that effect, with a declaration that the denunciation is to take effect as from the date when this Convention enters into force in respect of that State.
1978 年3 月31 日在漢堡締結(jié)的《聯(lián)合國海上貨物運輸公約》的締約國，應當在批準、接受、核準或者加入本公約的同時，通過向聯(lián)合國秘書長提供相應的通知，退出該公約，同時聲明退約自本公約對該國生效之日起生效。
3. For the purposes of this article, ratifications, acceptances, approvals and accessions in respect of this Convention by States parties to the instruments listed in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article that are notified to the depositary after this Convention has entered into force are not effective until such denunciations as may be required on the part of those States in respect of these instruments have become effective. The depositary of this Convention shall consult with the Government of Belgium, as the depositary of the instruments referred to in paragraph 1 of this article, so as to ensure necessary coordination in this respect.
就本條而言，本條第1 款和第2 款所列文書的締約國對本公約的批準、接受、核準和加入，凡在本公約生效之后通知保存人的，只有在這些國家按照要求對這些文書的退出生效之后方可生效。
本公約保存人應當與作為本條第1 款所列文書保存人的比利時政府協(xié)商，確保這方面的必要協(xié)調(diào)。
Article 90 Reservations 第90 條 保留
No reservation is permitted to this Convention. 不準許對本公約作出保留。
Article 91 Procedure and effect of declarations 第91 條 聲明的程序和效力
1. The declarations permitted by articles 74 and 78 may be made at any time. The initial declarations permitted by article 92, paragraph 1, and article 93, paragraph
2, shall be made at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. No other declaration is permitted under this Convention.
2. Declarations made at the time of signature are subject to confirmation upon ratification, acceptance or approval.
3. Declarations and their confirmations are to be in writing and to be formally notified to the depositary.
4. A declaration takes effect simultaneously with the entry into force of this Convention in respect of the State concerned. However, a declaration of which the depositary receives formal notification after such entry into force takes effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the date of its receipt by the depositary.
5. Any State that makes a declaration under this Convention may withdraw it at any time by a formal notification in writing addressed to the depositary. The withdrawal of a declaration, or its modification where permitted by this Convention, takes effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the date of the receipt of the notification by the depositary.
1. 第74 條和第78 條所準許的聲明，可以在任何時間作出。第92 條第1 款和第93 條第2 款所準許的初步聲明，應當在簽署、批準、接受、核準或者加入時作出。其他聲明，本公約一概不予準許。
2. 在簽署時作出的聲明，必須在批準、接受或者核準時加以確認。
3. 聲明及其確認，應以書面形式作出，且應正式通知保存人。
4. 聲明在本公約對有關國家生效時同時生效。但是，保存人于本公約生效后收到正式通知的聲明，應于保存人收到該聲明之日起六個月期滿后的下一個月第一日生效。
5. 根據(jù)本公約作出聲明的任何國家，可以在任何時間以書面形式正式通知保存人撤回該聲明。聲明的撤回，或者在本公約準許情況下對聲明的更改，于保存人收到該通知之日起六個月期滿后的下一個月第一日生效。
Article 92 Effect in domestic territorial units第92 條 對本國領土單位的效力
1. If a Contracting State has two or more territorial units in which different systems of law are applicable in relation to the matters dealt with in this Convention, it may, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, declare that this Convention is to extend to all its territorial units or only to one or more of them, and may amend its declaration by submitting another declaration at any time.
一締約國擁有兩個或者多個領土單位，各領土單位對本公約所涉事項適用不同法律制度的，可以在簽署、批準、接受、核準或者加入時聲明本公約適用于本國的全部領土單位或者僅適用于其中的一個或者數(shù)個領土單位，且可以在任何時間通過提出另一聲明修改其所作的聲明。
2. These declarations are to be notified to the depositary and are to state expressly the territorial units to which the Convention extends.
此種聲明應通知保存人，且明確指出適用本公約的領土單位。
3. When a Contracting State has declared pursuant to this article that this Convention extends to one or more but not all of its territorial units, a place located in a territorial unit to which this Convention does not extend is not considered to be in a Contracting State for the purposes of this Convention.
一締約國根據(jù)本條聲明本公約適用于該國的一個或者數(shù)個領土單位而不是全部領土單位的，一地點位于不適用本公約的領土單位，為本公約之目的，視為不在締約國內(nèi)。
4. If a Contracting State makes no declaration pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article, the Convention is to extend to all territorial units of that State.
一締約國未根據(jù)本條第1 款提出聲明的，本公約適用于該國的全部領土單位。
Article 93 Participation by regional economic integration organizations
第93 條 區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化組織的參與
1. A regional economic integration organization that is constituted by sovereign States and has competence over certain matters governed by this Convention may similarly sign, ratify, accept, approve or accede to this Convention. The regional economic integration organization shall in that case have the rights and obligations of a Contracting State, to the extent that that organization has competence over matters governed by this Convention. When the number of Contracting States is relevant in this Convention, the regional economic integration organization does not count as a Contracting State in addition to its member States which are Contracting States.
由主權(quán)國家組成，且對本公約管轄的某些事項擁有管轄權(quán)的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化組織同樣可以簽署、批準、接受、核準或者加入本公約。在這種情況下，區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化組織享有的權(quán)利和承擔的義務應當與締約國相同，但僅限于該組織對本公約所管轄事項擁有管轄權(quán)的范圍。當涉及本公約下締約國數(shù)目時，區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化組織內(nèi)的成員國為本公約締約國的，該區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化組織不能算作一個締約國。
2. The regional economic integration organization shall, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, make a declaration to the depositary specifying the matters governed by this Convention in respect of which competence has been transferred to that organization by its member States. The regional economic integration organization shall promptly notify the depositary of any changes to the distribution of competence, including new transfers of competence, specified in the declaration pursuant to this paragraph.
區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化組織應當在簽署、批準、接受、核準或者加入時向保存人提出聲明，指出對本公約所管轄的哪些事項的管轄權(quán)已由其成員國轉(zhuǎn)移給該組織。根據(jù)本款提出聲明后，如果管轄權(quán)分配發(fā)生任何變化，包括管轄權(quán)新的轉(zhuǎn)移，區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化組織應當迅速通知保存人。
3. Any reference to a “Contracting State” or “Contracting States” in this Convention applies equally to a regional economic integration organization when the context so requires.
本公約中，對“一締約國”或者“締約國”的任何提及，必要時同等適用于區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化組織。
Article 94 Entry into force 第94 條 生效
1. This Convention enters into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of one year after the date of deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
2. For each State that becomes a Contracting State to this Convention after the date of the deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, this Convention enters into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of one year after the deposit of the appropriate instrument on behalf of that State.
3. Each Contracting State shall apply this Convention to contracts of carriage concluded on or after the date of the entry into force of this Convention in respect of that State.
1. 本公約于第二十份批準書、接受書、核準書或者加入書交存之日起一年期滿后的下一個月第一日生效。
2. 一國在第二十份批準書、接受書、核準書或者加入書交存日之后成為本公約締約國的，本公約于交存該國的相應文書一年期滿后的下一個月第一日對該國生效。
3. 運輸合同于本公約對一締約國生效之日或者生效之后訂立的，該締約國應當對其適用本公約。
Article 95 Revision and amendment 第95 條 修訂和修正
1. At the request of not less than one third of the Contracting States to this Convention, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall convene a conference of the Contracting States for revising or amending it.
2. Any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession deposited after the entry into force of an amendment to this Convention is deemed to apply to the Convention as amended.
1. 在不少于三分之一本公約締約國的請求下，聯(lián)合國秘書長應當召開締約國會議修訂或者修正本公約。
2. 本公約修正案生效后交存的任何批準書、接受書、核準書或者加入書，視為適用于經(jīng)修正的公約。
Article 96 Denunciation of this Convention 第96 條 退出本公約
1. A Contracting State may denounce this Convention at any time by means of a notification in writing addressed to the depositary.
2. The denunciation takes effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of one year after the notification is received by the depositary. If a longer period is specified in the notification, the denunciation takes effect upon the expiration of such longer period after the notification is received by the depositary.
1. 締約國可以通過向保存人發(fā)出書面通知，于任何時間退出本公約。
2. 退約于保存人收到通知一年期滿后的下一個月第一日生效。通知中指明更長期限的，退約于保存人收到通知后該更長期限期滿時生效。
二零零八年十二月十一日訂于紐約，正本一份，阿拉伯文、中文、英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文文本同為作準文本。
茲由經(jīng)各國政府正式授權(quán)的下列署名全權(quán)代表簽署本公約， 以昭信守。
